African Journal of Inter/Multidisciplinary Studies
The African Journal of Inter/Multidisciplinary Studies (ISSN: 2663-4589) is an open access journal that publishes interdisciplinary research from diverse academic disciplines. The journal welcomes contributions from various academic disciplines. Since the aim is to promote interdisciplinary studies, submitted articles should demonstrate the potential for interdisciplinary research and should appeal to a wide variety of readers. The journal publishes full research articles in the fields of humanities, social sciences as well as science-related studies that could demonstrate interdisciplinary scope from different disciplines. The journal also publishes peer-reviewed short articles/commentaries where topical issues are discussed without empirical research.
Azure Academic Publishers in conjunction with the Durban University of Technology
Assessing the Impact of Results-Based Financing on Health System Strengthening in Zimbabwe: A Case Study of Marondera and Zvishavane Districts
The study aims to assess how the Results-Based Finance programme in Zimbabwe strengthened the health system, guided by the World Health Organisation’s six building blocks, using a case study of Marondera and Zvishavane districts. The study's findings are based on responses from focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, observations, RBF programme progress reports and closed-ended questionnaires. Therefore, a mixed research approach was adopted. The researchers administered 224 close-ended questionnaires amongst women of childbearing age and guardians. Women of childbearing age were sampled through a multi-stage sampling technique, while guardians were conveniently sampled. Qualitative data were gathered from purposively sampled key informants. It was noted that the RBF programme overwhelmingly strengthened the health delivery system between 2011 and 2018. Drastic changes were noticed in 2019 after the institutionalisation of the RBF programme in the Marondera and Zvishavane districts. This resultantly weakened the six building blocks. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the situation. The study recommends that an incremental approach must be adopted when transitioning from donor support to full-time ownership of the RBF programme. The Government of Zimbabwe must commit itself to allocating 15% of the annual budget to the Ministry of Health and Child Care as envisaged by the Abuja declaration.
Copyright (c) 2025 Artwell Manyera, Tawanda Zinyama, Lloyd Sachikonye
Contemporary Trends in African Elections (2013-2023)
The paper investigates recent trends in African elections over the past decade and their implications for democracy and political stability. It utilises qualitative research methods and thematic analysis from secondary sources covering a decade spanning from 2013 to 2023. This period is of particular interest due to significant transformation in Africa's electoral processes. Within this period, Africa experienced increased deployment of technology in elections and greater youth political participation through social media and online tools. These factors spurred African people and societies to demand greater transparency and accountability in their electoral systems. To achieve its objectives, the paper employed a simple random selection technique to assess elections in various African countries and identify emerging trends. Based on identified trends, our conclusion reveals a complex landscape shaped by emerging realities of Africa’s social, political and economic dynamics. These new trends in Africa’s elections include constitutional coups, military resurgence, increasing women participation, youth renaissance, and populism, which underscore the current challenges being faced and emergent opportunities. The paper recommends a multi-stakeholder approach involving, among others, government institutions, civil society organisations, and international partners as paramount for ensuring more credible elections to deepen democracy in Africa.
Copyright (c) 2025 Antonia Taiye Simbine, Omosefe Oyekanmi
Quality of Work Life, Job Satisfaction and Happiness among Academics at a University of Technology in South Africa
Higher education institutions are competing globally to attract and retain accomplished academics to contribute to an institution’s performance. However, the efficiency of a higher education institution might depend on how it manages one of its most important assets contributing to the human capital of the institution, the academics. Therefore, an academic’s quality of work life, job satisfaction and happiness should be considered and evaluated on a continuous basis to holistically ascertain an institution’s effectiveness. This study examines the relationships between QWL, job satisfaction and happiness among academics at a university in South Africa. A quantitative research approach was followed entrenching a post-positivist research paradigm, sampling 300 academic employees at the applicable university. The Quality of Work Life Scale, the Brief Job Satisfaction Measure II, and the Subjective Happiness Scale were applied in this study and demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity. The results revealed significant positive relationships and positive significant predictive relationships between the constructs. A generic academic workload policy should be followed by all faculties at the university to ensure that workloads are equitable and flexible.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lieketseng Maburu Loko, Yolande Van Zyl, Elizabeth Chinomona
Considering Ethical Issues Affecting Patients’ Records Stored on the Cloud in South Africa
The study sought to investigate the ethical implications of patients’ medical and health records being stored on the cloud in South Africa. A literature review was conducted in this qualitative study to examine ethical implications of patients’ medical and health records being stored on the cloud in South Africa. It was found that healthcare facilities use private cloud storage, hosted by a third party, across national borders without consideration of any ethical matters. In most instances, healthcare facilities do not request consent from patients before their records are transferred to the cloud in the hands of a third party. A framework is proposed for consideration of ethical issues regarding patients’ records that may be stored on the cloud in South Africa. It is envisaged that the framework would minimise violation of ethics principles while avoiding possible litigations to health service providers or information getting misused in the hands of the third party. There are a number of ethical issues surrounding patients’ information or records produced during healthcare services rendered to patients and kept in healthcare facilities which need to be considered before seeking service for information keeping from any third party. For different reasons, including insufficient filing space and difficulty in retrieving patients’ records during healthcare services, most healthcare facilities apply the latest technologies such as cloud computing to which the decision eventually affect patients’ personal information. Patients’ information kept on the cloud contain personal information that may eventually affect patients’ personal life. One of the issues to be addressed by the study is obtaining patient consent before disclosing their personal information to a third party.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ngoako Marutha, Azwihangwisi Mavhandu-Mudzusi
Communication through Shifting Lingua Franca: Surveying Followers' Perceptions of Influencers' Code-Switching in Social Media
The explosive growth of social media-enabled sharing and engagement has resulted in the emergence of content providers known as social media influencers (SMIs) who use different languages during engagements. This study investigated why SMIs feel the need to switch between languages and how their followers respond to this underreported and interesting phenomenon. The study explored social media followers’ perceptions of influencers’ code-switching behaviour (n=163). It used SPSS version 28 to conduct descriptive data analysis and to calculate the mean and standard deviation to gain insight into respondents’ perceptions. The findings revealed that a significant proportion of the participants reported that the influencers whom they followed frequently employed code-switching during conversations. While English is assumed to be the de facto lingua franca of social media, the findings of this study contribute to the communication field by suggesting that influencers code-switch when conversing in English for many reasons. The results of this study provide insights into how influencers' code-switching is perceived by their followers during social media interactions. Factor analysis was performed, and it revealed that the underlying followers’ perceptions of social media influencers who code switch are related to lexical clarity, lexical deficiencies, and language meaning. This study also revealed that the most dominant perception was lexical clarity. Individuals or organisations interested in engaging influencers may find these results useful, particularly marketers who frequently use influencers for advertising purposes, as they can provide insight into influencer behaviour. Furthermore, social media influencers interested in knowing how followers perceive them when they code-switch may find these results useful.
Copyright (c) 2025 Bongazana Dondolo, Maria Mushaathoni
The Lexicographic Treatment of Xitsonga Kinship Terminologies in Selected Bilingual Dictionaries
Kinship terminologies, which vary across cultures and languages, present challenges for lexicographers in creating bilingual dictionaries. Effective bilingual dictionaries must accurately and comprehensively reflect kinship terms and their equivalents. This study explores the lexicographic treatment of Xitsonga kinship terms in bilingual dictionaries, focusing on their definition, translation, and cross-referencing in English-Xitsonga contexts. It addresses the lexicographic challenges posed by kinship terms' cultural specificity and structural diversity across languages. Using a descriptive qualitative methodology, data were collected from the English-Tsonga/Tsonga-English Pocket Dictionary (2008) and the Pharos Bilingual Dictionary: English-Xitsonga/Xitsonga-English (2021). This study is guided by the user-driven approach to lexicography. The study has found that even though bilingual dictionaries offer some accurate equivalents, they often lack full definitions and overlook specific cultural nuances. Cultural differences between English and Xitsonga were identified as key factors limiting the inclusion of kinship equivalents. To improve the accuracy and cultural representation of kinship terms, this study recommends expanding definitions to cover a wider range of familial relationships and ensuring all relevant Xitsonga equivalents are included to reflect its cultural distinctions. These findings contribute to understanding the challenges and opportunities of presenting kinship terms and informing the improvement of bilingual lexicographic resources for Xitsonga.
Copyright (c) 2025 Respect Mlambo, Muzi Matfunjwa
Towards a Decolonial Higher Education: Praxis and Theoretical Foundations
This paper critically examined the praxis of decoloniality in higher education through theoretical and practical lenses, emphasising the need for an epistemic shift from colonial oppressive knowledge systems to indigenous frameworks. Grounded in critical race theory, the study explored historical and contemporary dimensions of coloniality and its persistent influence on education, knowledge production, and institutional structures in Africa. It interrogated the impact of colonial power dynamics on curriculum design, language policies, and institutional leadership, highlighting barriers to decoloniality such as Eurocentric curricula, linguistic hegemony, epistemic injustice, and structural inequalities. Furthermore, it advances a conceptual framework for decoloniality in higher education, incorporating race, narrative storytelling, critique of liberalism, commitment to social justice, interdisciplinarity, and leadership. It argued that sustainable decoloniality necessitates a restructuring of academic disciplines, integration of indigenous knowledge systems, and inclusive leadership committed to transformative change. The paper further advocates for policy shifts that support equitable access to education. By proposing actionable strategies for institutional transformation, this study contributes to ongoing scholarly and activist discourses on decolonial education, emphasising the urgency of dismantling colonial oppressive legacies and fostering a higher education system that is responsive to African contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mpumelelo Ennocent Ncube
A Call for the Philosophising of Open, Distance E-Learning: Learning as the Art of Living in Twenty-First Century South Africa
The Covid-19 pandemic and its consequent “lockdowns” caused many universities across South Africa to adopt the andragogical methodology of remote teaching and learning. This move was pragmatic rather than ideological: When students and lecturers could not meet face-to-face, teaching and learning had to continue. Aside from the necessities of the Covid pandemic, there are institutions mandated to teach at a distance as their norm, so this research has the potential to be relevant to both recently hybrid and strictly distance learning universities. Our survey of the available literature directs us to a lacuna in the purely philosophical research on “distance education” and “open distance e-learning.” For, whilst there exists literature that deals exclusively with the “philosophy of distance education”, there is scant literature available on the “philosophy of open education”, and more specifically an absence of what we deem as the “philosophy of open distance e-learning”. Herein we will argue that open distance e-learning, or, ODeL, is deserving of philosophical engagement by professional philosophers. Moreover, we will contend that if this is undertaken from an Aristotelian approach, then ODeL can be imagined as directing all involved in its project to living well.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yolandi Marié Coetser, Callum David Scott
The Concept of Domicile in Matrimonial Causes in Nigeria: A Critique of the Status Quo
Proof of domicile is a condition precedent to the assumption of jurisdiction by High Courts in Nigeria. Under the Nigerian legal framework, it is the husband's domicile that matters in matrimonial causes. The wife is incapable of independent domicile. Women have always suffered untold hardship because of this rule. The husband seems to be at liberty to institute matrimonial proceedings anywhere he is domiciled with disregard to the wife's convenience. This research highlighted the difficulties confronting women as a result of this gender-insensitive mode of determining domicile in a matrimonial dispute. The paper employed the black letter research methodology and comparative learning to develop more effective and acceptable tests for determining domicile in matrimonial causes in Nigeria. This research concludes by recommending that the parties to the marriage's connecting factors, such as residence and convenience should be used in determining jurisdiction as opposed to solely the husband's domicile.
COVID-19 and Its Influence on the Mental Well-being of People with Co-Morbidities: A Qualitative Study at a Public Healthcare Clinic
People with co-morbidities are at greater risk of disease severity from COVID-19 due to their compromised immunity. COVID-19 and the mitigation measures implemented in South Africa negatively influenced the mental health of people with co-morbidities. The study explored how the mental health of patients with co-morbidities was affected during the pandemic and post the initial waves of COVID-19. Drawing on patients at a public clinic in the province of KwaZulu-Natal and through a qualitative research approach, semi-structured interviews, were held to understand how the mental health well-being of patients was affected. Two groups of 26 participants were recruited using non-probability sampling methods. Sample one comprised participants with co-morbidities but not infected by the virus. Sample two comprised participants with co-morbidities who were infected by SARS-CoV-2 and after three months. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. Six themes were derived from the data and focussed on aspects related to fear and anxiety, loneliness, trauma linked to COVID-19, stress, somatisation, and spirituality. Many people experienced these debilitating emotions and suffered enormous mental health sequelae due to the pandemic, much of which was exacerbated by their co-morbidities.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sunil Neerputh, Raisuyah Bhagwan, Firoza Haffeejee
Applicability of Relationship Intentions among the Civil and Building Engineering Contractors in the South African Construction Sector: A Case of B2B Industry
It is commonly believed that it is more expensive to attract new business than to invest in existing customers. This study investigates the applicability of relationship intention among civil and building engineering contractors (CBEC) and their concrete product suppliers (CPS). Furthermore, ascertains whether the duration of business support stimulates CBEC’s intention to engage in business-to-business (B2B) relational exchanges. Very few studies attempted to explore if there is a statistically significant relationship between CBEC relationship intention and CPS in relation to the duration or length of support towards CPS. A cross-sectional descriptive research design was followed, using a probability simple random sampling procedure to collect data from CBEC operating in Gauteng, South Africa. Using structured self-administered questionnaires, data analysis embraced descriptive statistics, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Independent sample t-test and ANOVA. The findings suggest that it is possible to classify customers based on their relationship intention echelons with differing relationship ideas and dissimilar behaviour across the eight dimensions of relationship intention. For marketers operating within concrete product markets, a strategic recommendation emerges that relationship marketing efforts should be channeled towards customers who exhibit pronounced relationship intentions rather than directing their resources solely on the duration of business association. By diligently considering eight dimensions encompassing relationship intention, CPS can enhance their prospects of cultivating customer relationships that could ultimately lead to improved sales performance and improved profits through mutual benefits and continued relational intentions aimed at intensifying customer retention levels.
Copyright (c) 2025 Xitshembhiso Difference Chauke, Lehlohonolo Amos Masitenyane, Bakae Aubrey Mokoena
The Inclusion of Design Thinking as a Tool for Entrepreneurship at the Durban University of Technology
The volatile nature of the entrepreneurship environment requires specific characteristics from individuals entering the field. These traits can be developed through entrepreneurial learning, utilising a method- and design-based approach known as design thinking (DT). Design Thinking prioritises the entrepreneurial process, particularly the mindset and skills of student entrepreneurs. It also encourages student-centred learning by ensuring that the acquired skills are applicable to real-life situations. The study evaluated the inclusion of DT as an entrepreneurship and business development tool at the Durban University of Technology. Entrepreneurial learning through a design-based and method approach was conceptualised. A quantitative research approach was used, focussed on students who have either enrolled in entrepreneurship modules that follow the DT approach or in courses that do not follow the DT approach, for comparative purposes. The collection of data was done using a semi-structured questionnaire. Thereafter, SPSS version 24 was used to analyse the collected data. The study results showed a lack of awareness concerning DT, and that most participants have not enrolled in DT boot camps or workshops. This lack is evident in the limited number of ventures undertaken by participants. In conclusion, an intervention is recommended which will allow the incorporation of DT into the Higher Education Institution curriculum to foster innovation and the execution of novel ideas.
Copyright (c) 2025 Owami Ntobeko Thiba, Mapula Razwinani, Keolebogile Shirley Motaung
Collaborative Supervision Pedagogy for Increased Postgraduate Student Success: The Importance of Writing Camps as an Alternative Supervision Programme
A persistent challenge in postgraduate studies is the low retention and throughput rate following initial access, often due to delayed graduation. This issue is frequently exacerbated by the prevailing 'lonely scholar' model typically adopted by academic faculties and research supervisors. This paper proposes an alternative supervisory pedagogy grounded in a multifaceted, collaborative approach. It integrates the structured design of a writing camp with the traditional ‘master-apprentice’ supervision model. The study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of this collaborative support system in accelerating the completion of postgraduate research reports – dissertations and research articles – while enhancing the quality of scholarly output. Adhering to established ethical standards in social science research, the study employed a qualitative approach within a descriptive and programme evaluation research design. Thirty-nine pipeline students were purposively selected to participate in a writing camp, based on a defined set of selection criteria. Data were gathered through participant testimonials and a post-camp telephonic survey, then analysed using Atlas.ti (Version 23). Ethical principles – including voluntary participation, the right to withdraw, confidentiality, and anonymity – were rigorously upheld. Findings highlight the substantial benefits of collaborative supervision models in strengthening research and academic writing skills, alleviating the supervisory burden, and incorporating specialist input to enhance the overall quality of student research. The study recommends the early integration of writing specialists into postgraduate supervision to build student confidence and improve throughput rates.
Copyright (c) 2025 Raymond Emekako, Shemfe Olaitan, Peter Merisi
Submission in the Context of Gender Equality: An Obstacle to Curbing Violence against Women in Intimate Relationships
Despite the South African Bill of Rights, which envisages equality and protection of women against violence, discrimination and harmful practices, women in South Africa still experience a violation of their rights. Most women in intimate relationships are deprived of the right to equality with their male counterparts by virtue of their gender and the subordinate positions ascribed to them by, among others, tradition, religion, and socialisation. A critical analysis of women’s subordinate positions confirms that there is an impediment in the pursuit of gender equality and transformation. This article critically analyses how these subordinate positions hinder gender equality and frustrates the transformation agenda somewhat. The article highlights the consequences of women’s subordination in intimate relationships and suggests practical and ideological interventions to address the gender imbalances that perpetuate the oppression of women in South Africa.
Copyright (c) 2025 Goitseone Leburu, Phuti Kgadima
Dreams as a Diagnostic and Treatment Tool in Mental Health Care Practice by Traditional Healthcare Practitioners: An Afrocentric Perspective
In sub-Saharan Africa dreams are often used to forecast future events and believed to be a conduit between the natural and supernatural dimensions of the social world. However, the role of dreams in the area of traditional healthcare practice in an African setting is mostly under-researched. This article presents an embryonic conceptual model of dreams within the diagnostic and treatment process in mental healthcare practice from an Afrocentric perspective. Evidence from semi-structured interviews with traditional healthcare practitioners (THPs) were analysed using a qualitative cultural lens is provided which reveals the role of dreams within traditional diagnosis and treatment of mental illness. Specifically, THPs often rely on God and their ancestors to convey messages to the practitioner which, in turn, influence the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness. The mediating factor for the use of dreams by THPs in the diagnostic and treatment process is conceptualized as a form of symbolic interpretation. These findings are relevant within the sub-Saharan African context because as many as 80% of Africans consult with THPs and so an indigenous mental healthcare diagnostic and treatment model may serve to complement the current armamentarium of treatment regimens.
“I Hear the Cry, but I Do Not See the Tears”: Indirectness in Bribery Negotiations
There is a relationship between crime and language, particularly crimes such as bribery, which are perpetuated through the use of language. These language-based crimes are often articulated indirectly to afford the interlocutor’s denial should such a need arise. This paper aims to comprehend the role played by language in bribery negotiations by exploring the actual utterances used by interlocutors involved in bribery negotiations and the linguistic features portrayed in these utterances. Informed by interview data (obtained from motorists) interpreted through the pragmatic act and speech act theories, the study reveals several indirect utterances such as ‘I hear you cry but I do not see your tears’, ‘Put down,’ ‘Do a drink,’ ‘Ostrich feathers are the ones that can work in this situation,’ ‘make a strong tea…’ which are characterised by declarative and imperative statements, semantic shift and informal expressions. Indirect speech acts play a significant role as a resource used to veil unethical practices from being revealed in the courts of law. Therefore, it is recommended that the expertise of language specialists should be used in the courts of law to interpret language-related crimes such as bribery.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mampoi Irene Mabena, Palesa Mabohlokoa Khotso Khanyetsi
Enduring Abuse in Matrimony: An In-Depth Analysis of Women's Experiences in Underprivileged Communities of Mankweng in Limpopo Province
Domestic violence is a pervasive global problem that affects individuals, particularly women, regardless of their status, class, or ethnicity. It is especially prevalent in marginalised communities across the African continent, where the abuse poses severe physical and mental health risks for survivors. This research examines the widespread problem of enduring domestic violence within the institution of marriage, with a specific focus on the experiences of women living in the marginalised communities of Mankweng, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Utilising a qualitative research design, the study conducted in-depth interviews with women who experienced various forms of abuse in their matrimonial homes. Through thematic analysis, the researchers uncovered these women’s complex narratives, shedding light on their encounters with different types of abuse, the coping strategies they employ, and the challenges they face when seeking intervention. The findings highlight the urgent need for community-based support systems, legal reforms, and awareness campaigns to empower women and safeguard their rights within marriage. The insights gained from this research are intended to catalyse change, and your role as academics, policymakers, and advocates is crucial in the development of strategies that can help women in underprivileged communities break free from the cycle of enduring abuse in matrimonial homes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wiseman Ntlhari Mathebula, Katekani Sibise, Eleanor Alvira Hendricks
The Effect of Innate and Discretionary Components of Earnings Quality Properties on Stock Return Volatility in South Africa
Previous studies reported that the quality of financial reports, measured by earnings quality properties, is associated with changes in stock return volatility (SRV). However, the properties of earnings quality in previous studies have been examined without separating them into their innate and discretionary components. This study examined the effect of innate and discretionary components of earnings quality properties on the SRV of companies listed in the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) in South Africa (SA). Using Multilevel linear regression to analyse a sample of 800 firm-year observations, obtained from 80 non-financial companies for the period 2009-2018, the study found that the innate component of each earnings quality property has a greater impact on the SRV (measured by idiosyncratic volatility) than the discretionary component. These findings imply that, in SA, the stock return volatility is mostly driven by the earnings quality properties that emanate from the operating environment and the business model of the companies. The findings may assist investors in the factors to consider when assessing the risks of their investments. In addition, the findings could be useful to regulators in SA in the review or formulation of policies that may make the business environment more stable as these policies influence the operating environment of the companies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nyanine Chuele Fonou Dombeu, Jouse Mbonigaba, Bomi Cyril Nomlala, Odunayo Magret Olarewaju
Assessing the Challenges and Implications of Corporate and Social Entrepreneurship for Sustainable Development Goals in South Africa: A Systematic Literature Review
Corporate and social entrepreneurship (CSE) are crucial in driving sustainable development in South Africa, addressing key issues such as poverty, inequality, and environmental degradation. Understanding the challenges and implications of these entrepreneurship forms is vital for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study employs a systematic literature review, adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, to examine these dynamics. A comprehensive search of Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and EBSCOhost databases ranging from 2018-2024, identified key challenges facing entrepreneurs, including regulatory and institutional barriers, financial constraints, and human capital deficiencies. The findings corroborate the critical role of CSE in fostering sustainable development through job creation, economic empowerment, environmental sustainability, and inclusive economic growth. However, progress is significantly hindered by a complex regulatory environment, limited funding access, and inadequate entrepreneurial skills. The study underscores the necessity of simplifying regulatory frameworks, increasing financial support, investing in human capital, and fostering multi-stakeholder collaborations to create a supportive entrepreneurial ecosystem. Recommendations include regulatory reforms, enhanced financial access, targeted education and training, and promoting sustainable business practices. By addressing these challenges CSE can significantly contribute to the SDGs in South Africa, fostering a more inclusive and sustainable society. This review provides insights for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders on strategies to enhance entrepreneurship's contribution to SDGs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jabhisile Roxetta Maphumulo, Mpubane Emanuel Matlala
Discarded to Art-Maximised: Mitigating Dangers of Environmental Degradation
The danger of the illicit disposal of automotive oil filter waste to the environment, as is the case with most countries in Africa, is of utmost concern. This waste product, among other things, makes the land barren and the practice of disposing of this waste poorly is on the rise. Multiple efforts towards the management of said waste has been made, however, it needs to be directed to turn oil filter waste alternative means of artistic expression in form of upcycling. This article contributes to the mitigation strategies focused on decreasing environmental pollution through the upcycling of old automotive-based engine oil filters by transforming it into something of artistic relevance to the society. A studio-based approach of artistic research has been adopted for this article. This involved placing dedicated containers at mechanic’s workshops for the proper collection of the materials for studio use, banking on the physical appearance of the waste material, in terms of morphology and texture, to be able to be used in the installation of the artwork. Analyses in terms of physical appearance and meaning were carried out. By implication, the oil filter artwork in this study is a critique of humans’ attitude towards the illicit disposal of waste and government’s irresponsibility towards the environment.
Bridging the Gap Between Theory and Practice: A Critical Exploration of the Applicability of the Communication Skills Learned in the Classroom in Communication Contexts in Organisations
The study examines the transferability of communication skills learned in academic settings (henceforth ‘the classroom’) to workplace contexts. Through semi-structured interviews with twelve Language Practice graduates and one lecturer at Durban University of Technology, thematic data analysis was employed to interpret the findings. Results indicate a partial alignment between classroom learning and workplace communication needs, with room for improvement. Graduates utilise classroom techniques acquired at tertiary level to address communication challenges in their organizations but face difficulties adjusting to workplace communication dynamics. The study provides suggestions based on participant expectations and experiences, alongside recommendations for future research. It underscores the importance of bridging the gap between academic and workplace communication to better equip graduates for professional environments.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nonkanyiso Siphephile Khanyile, Sam Erevbenagie Usadolo, Zizipho Mdletye
Exploring the Nuances of Traditional Male Circumcision Initiation in South Africa and Other African Contexts
Male circumcision is an ancient practice across the globe, with concomitant shifts in the life of the initiates. This paper examined the complexities of Traditional Male Circumcision Initiation (TMCI) in South Africa and other African contexts. Through a scoping literature review, it highlighted both the progressive and retrogressive aspects of TMCI, emphasizing its role in preventing HIV/AIDS and reinforcing cultural identity. However, it also critiqued TMCI for promoting risky sexual behaviours, substance abuse, and physical and psychosocial health issues, which have led to fatalities among initiates. Through the lenses of multiple culture-related, health, and modernization theories as theoretical frameworks, the paper demonstrates the divergent reasons for the current and future status of TMCI. The study concludes that while TMCI has cultural significance, its survival is threatened by adverse outcomes, suggesting a need for reforms to restore its value within modern health and social frameworks. Therefore, the cultural custodians must seek new strategies to restore the deeming glory of TMCI by ensuring the relevance of cultural goalposts in contemporary health, social, and economic dispensation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Robert Mutemi Kajiita, Simon Murote Kang'ethe
Workplace Bullying and Intention to Leave among Academic Employees in a South African University
Given the severe effects of workplace bullying in the workplace, it has emerged as a serious problem on a global scale, and is drawing increasing interest from researchers. This paper's primary goal is to investigate the association between workplace bullying and intention to leave among academics at a South African university. Using a convenience sampling method, a sample size of 180 respondents (n=180) was selected from the 335 (N=335) target population. Data was gathered using a standardised questionnaire, and SPSS version 28 was utilised to analyse the results. An exploratory factor analysis was performed to identify critical dimensions of workplace bullying. The study employed Spearman's rho correlation analysis and regression analysis to investigate the association between workplace bullying and intention to leave. The five elements of workplace bullying and the intention to leave had strong positive associations. The regression analysis results showed a predictive association between workplace bullying and intention to leave. In light of these findings, the study recommended that universities explore preventative and intervention strategies to manage workplace bullying.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nthabiseng Moloi, Patrick Radebe, Christine Janse van Rensburg
Students’ Risk of Depression: Student Affairs Practitioners’ Perspectives at a South African University of Technology
In this paper, we use data generated through one-on-one interviews with 12 purposively sampled student affairs practitioners at a university of technology in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, to explore their perspectives on the vulnerability of the institution’s students to depression. This study’s findings indicate that depression is a serious mental health disorder among students, as they experience challenges that affect them daily. The participants reported numerous personal, environmental and social factors that contribute to students’ depression. Analysis of the findings reveals that depression impedes students’ academic progress and social well-being, as the students struggle to cope with the challenges they face in their academic lives. There is a need for multiple stakeholders to collaborate in addressing this mental health issue. Students must be equipped with skills and resources that will help them to cope with challenges that affect their mental health. Risk factors for depression must be identified to enable the establishment of prevention measures for improving students’ mental health. The university of technology should develop policies that intentionally focus on mental health issues and how cases related to them are handled within the institution, so that students get the best support that they need.
Copyright (c) 2025 Andile Samkele Masuku, Nokuthula Sibiya
The San Code of Ethics Versus International Ethical Guidelines: A Cross-Cultural Analysis
This study was designed to compare the San (Khoisan) code of ethics against key elements of the revised Council for International Organization of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) ethical guidelines, and the World Medical Association (WMA) Declaration of Helsinki. The study aimed to identify similarities and draw inferences in applying the San code of ethics when conducting biomedical research among indigenous populations groups in Africa and globally. In-depth interviews lasting 45 to 55 minutes were conducted among a group of 12 purposively sampled biomedical researchers in South Africa. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using thematic content analysis. Participants observed some important similarities between the San Code of Ethics, the CIOMS ethical guidelines and the Declaration of Helsinki. Nevertheless, the research discovered that San peoples were of the opinion, that community involvement in biomedical research reduces exploitation, and enhances human dignity, and should be based on mutual respect, honesty, justice, fairness, and the ethics of care.
Experiences of Child and Youth Care Workers in Working with Victims of Child Sexual Abuse
Child and youth care workers (CYCWs) offer a range of supportive psychosocial services that communities, families, and children need. This study focuses on the work of CYCWs in providing supportive services for children, including those who are victims of sexual abuse. As research reveals, sexual abuse during childhood affects victims in both the immediate and long terms. The impact of this abuse includes victims who experience impaired cognitive development and mental health-related challenges, including depression and suicide ideation. Hence, this study explored the experiences of CYCWs who work with children who have been victims of sexual abuse. Data came from individual one-on-one interviews, conducted among 12 CYCWs who were employed by two child and youth care centres (CYCCs) in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, and participants were between the ages of 25 and 50 years. The analysis of the findings in this study suggests that CYCWs experience challenges in competently providing support to children who have been victims of sexual abuse. The findings of this study further reveal that some CYCWs lack specialised skills in their work with victims of child sexual abuse, thus feeling inadequate in fully assisting a child in their care.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lindelwa Vernon Mkhize, Andile Samkele Masuku, Reggiswindis Thobile Hlengwa, Maureen Nokuthula Sibiya
Critical Factors for Growth and Sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises: A Systematic Literature Review and Propositions for a Successful Transition into Large Corporate Organizations
In today’s contemporary business environment, small, and medium, enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role in driving a country’s economic growth. However, despite their undeniable significance, SMEs often struggle to evolve into large corporate organisations (LCOs) in Africa. The factors and requirements involved in this transition have been a subject of much debate and contention within the research community. This analysis aims to understand factors influencing SMEs' transition into sustainable LCOs, contributing to achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs), the Africa Agenda 2063, and fostering sustainable growth. The study adopts a systematic literature review (SLR) approach. A comprehensive assessment of 647 scholarly scientific research articles published from 2012 to 2022 was conducted, followed by a meticulous statistical analysis of 108 selected studies. The RStudio application, an integrated development environment (IDE) programming tool was used for the analysis of the graphical representation. The findings of this study revealed that leadership, business models, and human capital were crucial factors in SMEs evolving into LCOs. This research endeavoured to bridge the gap in understanding the factors driving the growth of SMEs into LCOs, thereby enabling more informed decision-making and policy development aimed at fostering sustainable economic development in Africa and beyond.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vinay Bugwandin, Emem Anwana, Oluwasegun Julius Aroba
Consumer Challenges of the Socio-Economically Disadvantaged in South Africa and the Role of Consumer Legislation
In South Africa, high poverty and low literacy rates significantly affect the consumer market, especially for vulnerable individuals in disadvantaged communities. These consumers encounter difficulties when dealing with suppliers, including purchasing inferior quality goods, facing higher prices, and needing to make multiple trips to stores. This disparity is pronounced within the market, which encompasses literate ordinary consumers and vulnerable individuals with low literacy levels or illiteracy. Due to their socio-economic challenges, these vulnerable consumers often tolerate unethical business practices and find it challenging to access legal support. Through a quantitative survey, this article explores consumer challenges faced by socio-economically disadvantaged individuals in Illovo Township, Bhekulwandle, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The study is grounded in the Consumer Justice Theory, and advocates for equitable treatment and protection of historically disadvantaged consumers under relevant consumer protection legislation. The findings reveal that socio-economically disadvantaged consumers face challenges with complex contracts, lack of legal recourse due to financial constraints, and lengthy cancellation processes, leading to acceptance of poor service. Awareness of consumer rights remains low among respondents. However, the article concludes that the government, suppliers, and consumer bodies bear a significant responsibility to ensure equal protection for all consumers, particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lindeka Tentu, Karunanidhi Reddy
Detecting Subtle Shifts: Comparing SME Performance Drivers Pre and During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), especially those in the South African tourism sector, were significantly impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic. Many experienced a decline in performance due to decreased consumer demand resulting from travel restrictions. Understanding these enterprises’ performance pre and post the pandemic will provide insights into how enterprise development practitioners and policy makers could best respond to crises such as this. The study harnessed the Resource-Based View theory to unveil subtle shifts in SMEs’ performance drivers due to the impact of the pandemic. This is important as pre-Covid-19, tourism SMEs with sufficient resources and capabilities were likely to enjoy a competitive advantage and better performance than those lacking such. However, the pandemic disrupted many of these resources and capabilities as travel restrictions and decreased demand made it difficult for SMEs to maintain their customer base or invest in new markets. The Difference in Difference (DID) technique was employed due to its ability to isolate the impact of the pandemic on firm performance by comparing pre- and post-Covid-19 features. As expected, the results showed that the pandemic negatively impacted South African tourism SMEs. This was evident in decreased total asset value, sales volumes, revenue and the number of product offerings. Surprisingly, it was found that having a business plan in place negatively impacted performance before Covid-19. However, post-pandemic, business planning was a crucial positive driver of SME performance. Company age negatively impacted performance post the pandemic, indicating organisational rigidities among tourism SMEs during crises. Despite being home to the popular Garden Route, the Western Cape province suffered more negative effects than other provinces. Lastly, entrepreneur experience and business incubation positively impacted SME performance during the pandemic. Based on these findings, it is recommended that key stakeholders take the evolving performance drivers in the SME sector into account in order to craft support measures that lead to increased, sustainable business performance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Soza Sydney Simango, Helper Zhou
Goat Rearing for a Resilient Future: Enhancing Climate Adaptation among Smallholder Farmers in Umguza District, Zimbabwe
The agriculture sector is pivotal for the income and livelihoods of rural populations in the Global South, particularly in arid regions where small-scale livestock farming has emerged as a viable source of sustenance and economic stability. This study explores the potential of subsistence goat farming to enhance climate resilience among smallholder farmers in Umguza District, Zimbabwe. Data were gathered through 15 face-to-face interviews, eight key informant discussions, and two focus group sessions, with participants selected with the assistance of local leadership. The findings reveal that climate change vulnerability stems from erratic rainfall patterns, the failure of rain-fed agriculture, pervasive poverty, social inequality, limited access to extension services, and the impact of HIV/AIDS. Consequently, smallholder farmers face acute challenges including food insecurity, water scarcity, and livestock loss. Goat farming has been identified as a crucial strategy for building resilience, particularly because goats demonstrate higher survival rates than cattle during drought conditions. However, farmers face significant barriers, including lack of start-up capital, access to high-quality breeds, and insufficient information regarding disease management. The study emphasizes the need for further investigation into the effectiveness of subsistence goat farming as a climate adaptation strategy, advocating for community-led initiatives that integrate traditional knowledge, local resources, and social structures. By prioritizing community-based resilience efforts, smallholder farmers can develop tailored strategies to effectively combat the challenges posed by climate change in Zimbabwe.
Copyright (c) 2024 Douglas Nyathi, Cynthia Ndlovu, France Maphosa, Munyaradzi Dzvimbo, Joram Ndlovu, Manase Chiweshe
Editorial: Business and Information Management Realities in a World of Global Disruption and 4IR
In today’s fast-paced and ever-evolving digital landscape, the crossroad of business management and information technology have become more critical than ever. This Special Issue of the African Journal of Inter/Multidisciplinary Studies (AJIMS) features research papers presented at the 1st Biennial Interdisciplinary Conference of Business and Information Management contributing to the strategic fusion of traditional business principles with cutting-edge information management processes, systems and technologies, creating unprecedented opportunities for organisational transformation, opportunities presented by entrepreneurial ventures while creating a competitive edge, as well as dynamics presented to Higher Education globally. Under the theme Business and Information Management in Realities in a World of Global Disruption and 4IR” the selected articles examine the green Information Communications Technology amongst the South African SMEs; digitised workspaces post Covid-19 pandemic and risks associated with organisational digitalisation in the 4IR. The theme also cast a lens on both social and organisational implications within the business by examining leadership styles and job satisfaction in the public sector, while high impact practices responding to global disruption glances into the realm of Higher Education entrepreneurship initiatives aligning to the curriculum, and the adoption of project-based learning as well as learning management systems in the South African context.
Copyright (c) 2025 Trisha Ramsuraj, Peggy Mthalane
Drivers to Promote the Adoption of Green Information Communication Technology in South African SMEs
Despite the numerous benefits of green information and communication technology (GICT), the adoption rate among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in South Africa remains low. Limited financial resources, lack of awareness, inadequate technical skills and insufficient government support hinder effective implementation and integration of GICT. The objective is to identify the most prominent drivers for enhancing the adoption of GICT after which recommendations can be made. By understanding these drivers, SMEs can be encouraged to adopt GICT practices to benefit from them. The identified drivers, drawn from existing literature, were incorporated into a measurement tool. Data was gathered through an electronic survey using a self-administered questionnaire. The respondents’ perceptions regarding the drivers of GICT adoption were examined. An exploratory factor analysis revealed that the most prominent drivers for enhancing GICT adoption are eco-friendliness, environmental conditions, cost, and competitive advantage. It is recommended that SMEs adopt a proactive approach to integrating GICT initiatives into their business strategies. By fostering collaborations with other businesses, industry stakeholders, and policymakers, SMEs can lead the way in establishing robust environmental certification practices. The study concludes that these types of partnerships will not only enhance sustainability efforts but also position SMEs as leaders in the transition to greener, more efficient operations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Elizma Bok, Alet Tolmay
Exigency of Work-Life Balance in the Wake of Digitalised Workspace for Information Technology Staff in the Banking Sector
Digitalisation has enabled ubiquity, transformed the conventional workspace, and reshaped how work is designed, performed and managed in organisations. Technology is increasingly infiltrating workspaces, with digitalisation catalysing employee work-life balance as it allows work to fit better around home and family responsibilities. Leveraging digitalisation in workspaces has enabled organisations to move towards working from home, embracing flexibility, employee productivity and autonomy. While this arrangement has been advocated for as 'accommodating', the risk of infringing on employees' personal lives and negatively affecting their work-life balance (WLB) and performance remains. This article examines the exigency of employee work-life balance and performance in digitalised workspaces in a Zimbabwean bank. The study employed qualitative methodology to obtain in-depth insights into the phenomenon. Using semi-structured interviews, data saturation was reached on the 10th interview of purposively sampled participants. Data were thematically analysed using the software ATLAS.ti Version 8. The themes raised in the study indicated that digitalisation offered the flexibility of working from home, giving employees time to do their own things. Digitalisation also enabled flexibility and autonomy, multitasking, and working from home, which were convenient in balancing employee work and personal lives, thus ensuring performance. However, work-life balance was affected by the blurry boundaries between work and personal lives caused by connectivity, polychronicity, health threats and lack of task prioritisation brought about by working from home. The study concluded that digitalised workspaces in the Zimbabwean bank allowed for employee work-life balance despite some challenges. Therefore, employees need to establish boundaries and block time to eliminate the risks impeding work-life balance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hazel Mubango, Hlanganipani Ngirande, Khathutshelo Khashane
Exploring the Risks Associated with Organisational Digitalisation in the Fourth Industrial Revolution: A Systematic Review
The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) ushered in the era of digitalisation, organisational transformation, and innovation of processes, strategies and operations. Integration of modern technology can provide opportunities for improvement, contributing to an organisation’s productivity and efficiency, but also introduces risks that may influence organisational performance and success. To effectively integrate 4IR technology into organisational processes and functions, organisations must understand the new risks and how they can be mitigated. Despite the growing need to embrace digitalisation, the lack of clear guidelines remains challenging. This paper aims to address the gap by developing a theoretical model that identifies the risks encountered during organisational digitalisation and contributes to literature and understanding of the digitalisation risks during 4IR. A systematic literature review was conducted using four recognised databases to highlight the leading risk types that organisations face during the digitalisation of their operations. Ten risk types were identified, and a model was developed to indicate the risk items within each type and the relationships between them. This paper emphasises the importance of understanding and managing risks and adopting a comprehensive risk management approach, allowing organisations to ensure sustainable success in the digital era of the 4IR.
Students’ Transition into Higher Education: Incorporating High-Impact Practices to Foster Smooth Transition and Academic Success
The transition into Higher Education (HE) is a problematic situation for students and academic institutions worldwide. This scenario is even more apparent in the South African environment as a majority of the student body resides in low-income, rural environments and are first-generation university students. Such a context presents unique challenges such as separation from family, cultural differences and family obligations, together with academic and social integration pressures, thus placing students in an unfamiliar environment within HE. If successful integration into HE is not achieved at this initial stage of entry, students face the risk of academic failure. The purpose of the study was to explore the challenges faced by South African first-year students as they transition into HE and the impact of peer mentorship on the successful progression of university students. Findings reveal that engaging in high- impact practices inherent in first-year student experiences ultimately leads to the promotion of student success in areas such as increased academic performance, participation in activities with educational goals, student contentment and persistence in completion of their studies. This paper proposes an intervention that supports a smooth transition of students into higher education as it draws from the strategies of High-Impact Practices (HIPs) applicable to undergraduate courses.
Copyright (c) 2025 Radha Reddy, Charmaine Naidoo, Noelene Simone Ross
Cultivating Student Entrepreneurship through Community Engagement Initiatives: A Comprehensive Review in A South African Context
Present-day high unemployment rates make cultivating student entrepreneurship skills increasingly vital. As the job market landscape evolves towards innovation, creativity, and adaptability, traditional educational systems are being re-evaluated to better prepare students to adapt and thrive in potential career challenges. Community engagement initiatives are one promising avenue for fostering student entrepreneurship, providing students unique opportunities to apply theoretical class-taught content and their skills to real-world settings, contributing significantly to their communities. However, higher learning institutions grapple to properly develop entrepreneurship culture among students and adopt relevant pedagogies, typically depending on traditional teaching approaches, with some ignoring potential benefits of community engagement initiatives in fostering entrepreneurship culture. A comprehensive literature review established the key factors influencing student entrepreneurship efficacy through community engagement initiatives and understand the extent to which these initiatives contribute to cultivating students’ entrepreneurial skills and mindsets. Community engagement initiatives were found to enhance these skills, including creativity, problem-solving, and leadership, while access to resources and a supportive ecosystem influenced student entrepreneurship efficacy. These initiatives transcend individual student development, with far-reaching, positive community impact and improvement of the institution’s image. Further empirical research could devise targeted strategies, incorporating community engagement initiatives to cultivate student entrepreneurship into the university curriculum.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mthokozisi Luthuli, Peggy Mthalane , Smangele Moyane, Ntando Nkomo, Samkelisiwe Phokoye
Motivation Levels of Administrative Employees at a Selected Government Department
In regions across South Africa there is an urgent need for government departments to deliver high-quality services consistently. The efficient and timely delivery of government services to citizens is largely dependent on the critical role played by administrative employees. This study assessed the motivation levels among administrative employees within a selected government department. The study used Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory framework that distinguishes between intrinsic motivation (doing something for internal satisfaction or personal fulfilment) and extrinsic motivation (driven by external rewards such as salary, recognition or career advancement). The research primarily explored intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing employee motivation, employing quantitative research methodology to assess the motivation levels of administrative employees. A structured questionnaire utilising a 5-point Likert scale was used to gather quantitative data. Initially, the preliminary study involving 20 administrative employees was conducted using a closed-ended questionnaire distributed through Google Forms. The reliability of the questionnaire constructs was assessed using Cronbach's alpha which yielded an overall alpha range of 0.70 to 0.95, indicating strong internal consistency among the items within each construct. As this study remains ongoing, conclusions will not be drawn solely from the preliminary study; instead, findings will be generalised to the entire population under investigation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ashley Ntombi Bhuda, Cornelia Harmse
Small and Medium Enterprises’ Success: Examining Social Media Effectiveness in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
Social media has emerged as a crucial aspect of individuals' daily routines, particularly in the post-COVID-19 era. Consequently, it represents a promising channel for businesses to showcase their products and services to customers. This research aims to explore the perception of businesses regarding the effectiveness of social media in relation to business success in Pietermaritzburg’s beauty Small and Medium Enterprises (SME), South Africa. This study is qualitative in nature, purposively sampling 22 businesses and conducted semi-structured interviews. Thematic Analysis was utilised to analyse the gathered data. The results reveal the importance and effectiveness of Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp in beauty SME marketing initiatives. Content creation was discovered as an important requirement of businesses with a focus on visual appeal. In addition, audience targeting, and engagement were emphasised as crucial components for building ties with customers and promoting brand loyalty. SMEs are encouraged to make use of all the functionalities of Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp which offers SMEs opportunities to enhance online presence, engage target audiences and promote business success.
Copyright (c) 2025 Luther-King Junior Zogli, Amanda Zamaswazi Makalima
The Adoption of Project-Based Learning in a South African Higher Education Teaching, Learning and Assessment Context: A Review
In South Africa and other developing countries, the pursuit of improving higher education quality has been defined by the focus on enhancing teaching, learning and assessment. The evolving demand of the 21st-century workforce prompts South African higher education institutions to increasingly explore novel pedagogical approaches to equip students for success in the dynamic global economy. Project-based learning (PBL) is a technique gaining traction that promotes creativity, critical thinking, collaboration and problem-solving skills. However, the journey towards embracing PBL in higher education pedagogies is fraught with many challenges, such as infrastructural limitations, resource disparity, and the reskilling of academic professionals. Therefore, this paper explores the adoption of PBL within the South African higher education context. Using a comprehensive review, PBL is investigated to facilitate the effective incorporation of this concept within the South African higher education institutions’ teaching, learning and assessments, while considering contextual challenges. The findings revealed the acknowledgement of PBL benefits, its adoption, as well as the institutions. It also uncovers that the practicality of the concept is still at an infant stage due to several challenges, including resource constraints, staff resistance, curriculum alignment issues, and assessment complexities. The results provide a solid basis for empirical studies in institutions to correlate with decision-making and strategies aiming to enhance PBL adoption.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mthokozisi Luthuli, Ayogeboh Epizitone , Samkelisiwe Phokoye , Mbalenhle Khumalo, Nombuzo Zondi , Smangele Moyane
Contact Centre Agents' Perception on Technology Adoption in Promoting Quality Customer Service
A contact centre is a central key to any organisation and a tool for managing customer service in any private and public organisation. Technology today plays a significant role in the contact centre environment. For the organisation to provide effective customer service, a contact centre allows the organisation to build, maintain, and manage customer relationships. This can be achieved by conducting transactions, providing information, responding to inquiries, and resolving issues and complaints quickly and more effectively than in-person interactions. This paper is based on pilot data collected from respondents similar to the original study population. The purpose was to investigate contact centre agents’ perceptions of technology adoption in promoting quality customer service. A quantitative research approach and a survey design were employed. A closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect primary data. The findings reveal that contact centre agents found technology to be both easy to use and valuable in providing effective customer service. Therefore, it is recommended that agents need to perceive technology acceptance as an essential element of providing excellent customer service.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nathaniel Modjela, Sharol Sibongile Mkhomazi
Conceptualisation and Application of Client Engagement Strategies to Optimise Administrative Information Management Processes in a Selected Public Sector Organisation
Rising client expectations and demands for high-quality services have intensified the need for meaningful client engagement strategies at the micro level of public sector institutions. Client engagement strategy is critical towards understanding clients’ expectations for improving service delivery processes such as administrative information management (AIM) processes. This study explores how client engagement strategies are conceptualised and applied in practice to optimise the AIM processes in a selected public sector organisation. The study is based on a qualitative instrumental case study design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the managers of the selected public sector organisation. Additionally, relevant official documents were reviewed to complement the interview data. Thematic analysis was applied using both inductive and deductive logic in sequential order. The study's findings revealed multiple interpretations of the client engagement construct within the public service department. These interpretations included information-sharing and client-empowering initiatives, interactive engagements, and divergent viewpoints. The dominant perspective emphasised information-sharing initiatives, while the least advocated theme promoted interactive engagement with public service users. In contrast to the other two perspectives, the divergent views challenged the relevance of clients' knowledge in improving the service delivery processes. This study proposes an intensive intervention to elucidate the complexities and inconsistencies surrounding understanding the client engagement construct. Value creation for clients should serve as the primary catalyst for client engagement strategy initiatives to facilitate the effective integration of clients' insights into decision-making processes, thereby optimising AIM processes. The research integrates marketing theory with administrative information management theory to offer distinctive insights and critical implications for the phenomenon investigated.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zukiswa Princess Ndaba, Vinessa Naidoo, Joseph Kelvin Bwalya
Examining the Impact of Learning Management Systems in African Higher Education: A Systematic Review
Learning Management Systems (LMSs) are increasingly prevalent in higher education, fundamentally altering the educational landscape. This study evaluates students' and academics' experiences with the use of LMS, shedding light on its impact across diverse educational contexts. Despite the growing importance of LMSs adoption, there remains a dearth of comprehensive research exploring its implications across various African educational settings. Employing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology, we conducted a systematic review of 54 articles from the Web of Science (WoS) database spanning the years 2020 to 2024. Through this rigorous approach, we sought to discern and analyse the perceptions of students and academics with regard to LMSs utilisation. The use of VOSviewer enabled the visualisation and identification of the most common keywords in this field. The findings illuminate the varied impacts of LMSs implementation on teaching methodologies, student engagement and overall learning outcomes. Furthermore, the review identifies prevalent themes that students and academics face when adopting LMSs, such as Improvement of Educational Outcomes, Challenges related to LMSs integration, Accessibility and Inclusivity as well as User Interface and Navigation. This study contributes valuable insights for African educational institutions that navigate the digital transformation of learning environments. The findings offer practical guidance for African universities seeking to optimise LMSs implementation strategies. They also enhance the overall educational experiences for both students and educators.
Copyright (c) 2025 Abdul Feroz Maluleke, Godfrey Maake
Evaluating Sustainable Entrepreneurship Education in South Africa: Insights from a Systematic Review
In South Africa, sustainable entrepreneurship has become an indispensable element in tackling the current environmental and socioeconomic issues. This paper presents a systematic review of research articles focused on sustainable entrepreneurship education in South Africa. The review aims to provide an overview of the current state of research in this field, identify key trends and gaps in the literature and suggest future research directions. A total of 15 articles were selected for analysis based on specified criteria. Findings reveal that sustainable entrepreneurship education in South Africa is gaining traction as a key component of socio-economic development. However, there is still a lack of empirical evidence on the effectiveness of such education programs and their impact on entrepreneurial behaviour and practices. The review also highlights a need for more interdisciplinary research approaches and collaboration between academia, government and industry to foster a culture of sustainable entrepreneurship education practices, exploring different pedagogical approaches and investigating barriers and facilitators to the implementation of sustainable entrepreneurship practices in the South African context.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alvinette Sathyanand, Egashnee Bhulaye Moodley , Mary-Ann Nokulunga Nhleko, Thabiso Sthembiso Msomi
Is there a Relationship between Transactional Leadership Style, Communication and Job Satisfaction of Administrative Employees in the South African Public Sector?
This study aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between a transactional leadership style, communication and job satisfaction of administrative employees in the South African Public Sector. Transactional leadership, communication and job satisfaction have all been examined in different contexts, but it remains unclear how these three variables interact in the South African public sector. The study adhered to the theory of social exchange that provided an organised approach to understanding the emergence, development, and consequences of group interactions. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was undertaken with 184 administrative personnel who were not part of a probability census. A quantitative research approach was used. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) were used to assess the contributions of each item based on its loading. Structural equation modelling (SEM) and bootstrapping using r2 were used to test the validity and some of the patterns indicating how the transactional leadership style, communication and job satisfaction are related. The study found a substantial link between transactional leadership and employee job satisfaction and a significant link between transactional leadership and communication. This research project has the potential to help managers in South Africa's public sector comprehend the relationship between leadership styles, communication, and job satisfaction. In addition, this study makes a significant contribution by broadening our understanding of transactional leaders, emphasising the importance of relying on rewards for employee satisfaction, and raising awareness of the potential consequences of direct and transparent communication.
Copyright (c) 2025 Witness Makhwiitng, Estelle Bruhns
Editorial: Envisioning Critical Futures for Higher Education
Higher education is at a critical crossroad, urgently needing transformation to address dynamic global challenges and historical legacies. This Special Issue of the African Journal of Inter/Multidisciplinary Studies (AJIMS) features research papers presented at the Durban University of Technology (DUT) Learning and Teaching Imbizo 2022 and two invited guest papers, all contributing to a progressive vision for the future of higher education. Under the theme Envisioning Critical Futures for Higher Education, the selected articles examine existing frameworks, pedagogical changes, and systemic obstacles while proposing innovative strategies for fostering a more inclusive, creative, and equitable academic environment. Central to this collection is a call for higher education institutions to reimagine, re-envision, and recreate new futures for higher education – ones that acknowledge both recent disruptions and deeper historical contexts. It is a call to rethink approaches to learning, teaching, and research in ways that promote inclusivity, equity, and transformation. The featured articles focus on critical areas, including support for postgraduate study, critical pedagogy, gender equity, curriculum decolonisation, academic literacy, and student engagement, all essential in shaping the ongoing evolution and transformation of higher education. These contributions emerge at a critical juncture when technological disruptions, socioeconomic inequities, and epistemological contestations demand urgent attention from all higher education stakeholders. We commence by providing an overview of the five articles in this issue that were presented at the Imbizo, followed by the two invited guest contributions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nalini Chitanand, Mncedisi Christian Maphalala, Gita Mistri
Envisioning a Reconceptualised Postgraduate Support in Research Writing Development for the Future: A Three-Legged Framework
The slow progress of postgraduate students in South African higher education institutions has been linked to a lack of preparedness at the undergraduate level, supervision practices and research writing skills of students. Academic departments and support units play a crucial role in facilitating the development of these students. However, the disconnect between the academic departments and writing centres is of great concern. The study aimed to determine how a collaborative student support initiative can be envisioned to assist postgraduate students in developing their research, academic writing and critical thinking skills. Drawing on the academic literacies lens that views writing and research as a social practice, the article reflects on postgraduate support, through collaborative engagement. The experiences of two academics, in introducing the Postgraduate Week initiative are presented. A lecturer in an academic department conceptualised this initiative. The implementation and facilitation were a collaboration involving this lecturer and the writing centre practitioner, in the same institution. Adopting an auto-ethnography reflective approach, the study interrogates reflections and practices analysed from individual journal entries. In line with auto-ethnography, the aim was to emancipate and transform staff and students so that they ripen as researchers. The paper highlights that interdisciplinary collaboration should be intentionally embedded and promoted to enhance students’ research writing development whilst incorporating humanising pedagogy and the lived experiences of university staff members. The article argues for pertinent opportunities for alternate ways to support postgraduate students. A Three-Legged framework is proposed, to highlight the importance of integrated tripartite postgraduate student support.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nonhlanhla Patience Khumalo, †Khethiwe Dongwe
Dismantling Hierarchies in Student-Lecturer Engagement: A Critical Pedagogy Approach in Higher Education
The education system is built on the binary student-lecturer relationship. Each player is located on the other side of the wall, which was unsettled by the effects of COVID-19. The aim of the study is to dismantle the wall of separation which is widened by unequal power dimensions where the lecturer is set above the student. Framed within dialogic engagement in Freirean critical pedagogy, the study utilizes self-reflections of both postgraduate students and their lecturer. These reflections are handled within auto-ethnography. Two postgraduate students, reading for a master’s degree in English Studies at the Faculty of Humanities, and their lecturer in the discipline of English Studies provided the reflections that informed the study. The reflections are presented through the tradition of ethnographic thick description located in the qualitative paradigm of participant observation. The reflections are subjected to a narrative analysis. The findings point to the varied academic experiences between public and private institutions. This highlights the often-neglected part of rich experiences that students bring which are beneficial to the co-construction of knowledge. Furthermore, the findings point to a reversal of roles where the lecturer becomes a student who must learn from the experiences of students, and students assume the role of a lecturer as they teach through their experiences. The implication of these findings is that future academic engagement will no longer be conceived in terms of sole student recipients versus sole lecturer providers. The principal conclusion is that both players become equal partners and the rules of engagement will no longer be hierarchical. Reflexivity is therefore recommended as a solution of levelling the playfield between students and university academics, administrators and management.
Copyright (c) 2025 Berrington Ntombela, Thama Mamabolo, Trust Mokgalaka
Reflections of an Early Career Academic on their Experience of Running a COIL Project
This paper draws on Rolfe, Freshwater and Jasper’s (2001) framework of reflective writing, to reflect on an early career academic’s experience of embedding a Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) project in a General Education module at a University of Technology (UoT). COIL is a pedagogical tool that seeks to deepen students’ global engagement, while promoting intercultural competence. Cornerstone 101 (CSTN101) is one of 44 General Education modules offered at this UOT. It is a compulsory module for all first-year students. Whereas there are various COIL projects that are run at this UoT, this was the first time a project of this nature ran in the Centre that services the CSTN101 module. 89 CSTN101 students that form the part-time class participated in this project. The 7-week long COIL project titled “Literature for Change: Envisioning Sustainable Futures” was a collaboration between three modules in two universities – a university in the United States of America, New York and the University of Technology in South Africa. In this international virtual exchange project, students worked together to imagine change by analysing a work of literature that proposes a present or future society of collective human thriving. Using interpretivist phenomenological analysis and drawing on critical reflection as a methodology, I employ Rolfe et al. (2001) as a framework I reflect on my experiences of having run a COIL project as an early career academic for the first time. I explore what my key learnings were, and how this learning will be implemented in future COIL projects.
Work Readiness in an Emergency Digital Learning Environment: Students' Self-Perception and Employer Expectation
The employability of university of technology graduates in South Africa remains a pressing issue, with youth unemployment rates alarming at 63.9% for ages 15–24 and 42.1% for ages 25–34. Even graduates face significant unemployment, with 32.6% of those aged 15-24 years and 22.4% of those aged 25–34 years still jobless. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these challenges, shifting education to digital platforms, which exposed deficiencies in digital literacy, infrastructure, and resources among students. Despite these obstacles, graduating students maintain a positive outlook on employment opportunities, evaluated through the perceived future employability (PFE) model. This model assesses graduates' perceptions of future skills, experience, networks, personal traits, labour market knowledge, and institutional reputation. Employers, however, rate graduates low on work readiness, particularly in soft skills like critical thinking, communication, and problem-solving, which are deemed more crucial than the specific field of study. This disparity underscores higher education institutions' need to focus on developing these non-technical skills to enhance graduates' employability. The study used a mixed-method design to gather data from 140 marketing and retail students and seven employers. Results indicated that while students had a positive self-perception of their employability, employers highlighted deficiencies in soft skills. Work-integrated learning (WIL) programmes are essential, providing practical experience and mentoring that bridge the gap between theory and practice and instil confidence and essential workplace skills in students. These programmes, encompassing internships, graduate programmes, and project-based learning, are crucial for preparing students for the evolving Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) labour market and should be integral to university curricula.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sandile Mkhize, Tessa Reddy
Students’ and Lecturers’ Perceptions and Experiences on Engaging Students in Feedback Dialogues to Promote the Voices of Students in Learning in Higher Education
Students' involvement in discussions on feedback in higher education is often undervalued. Students’ voices in matters of teaching, learning and assessment need to be incorporated so that learning is not left only in the teacher's control. This study explored the perceptions and views of both the students and lecturers regarding students’ participation in feedback dialogues, aiming to access the subjective meanings participants ascribe to the phenomenon of ‘feedback’. The current feedback model typically positions lecturers as the primary source of information, with students acting as passive recipients of feedback. A shift in the conceptual feedback landscape is necessary to perceive feedback as a tool for improving performance and learning through collaborative lecturer-student dialogues. Archer’s theoretical model of feedback underpins this qualitative study, which employed a phenomenological design. Data were collected from 15 undergraduate education students and 6 lecturers through purposive and convenience sampling. Face-to-face, one-on-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with all 21 participants alongside two focus group discussions with the students. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that both students and lecturers embrace students’ involvement in feedback dialogues. Additionally, some lecturers actively engage students in feedback dialogues before conducting assessments. The findings suggest that lecturers should foster assessment and feedback conversations to improve student engagement with feedback. Furthermore, higher education institutions should monitor the implementation of feedback practices.
Advancing Gender Equity in Higher Education Research
Gender equity in research in higher education is crucial for promoting inclusivity and driving innovation. However, female academics face significant challenges hindering their research output, career advancement, and fair academic representation. Ongoing issues include heavy teaching responsibilities, time constraints, limited access to mentorship and supportive networks, and ingrained biases in institutional cultures. This study explores how universities can enhance gender equity in higher education research and identify the actions which institutions can take to support female academics and address the structural challenges they encounter. A systematic literature review (SLR), following PRISMA guidelines, was undertaken to consolidate peer-reviewed empirical studies published between 2013 and 2023. The articles were assessed for relevance, and a thematic analysis was employed to uncover common barriers and institutional strategies. The review identified systemic and institutional obstacles, such as unequal workload distribution, limited funding opportunities, and insufficient mentorship, as significant barriers to women's research productivity. However, the study also highlights the potential of effective interventions such as gender-sensitive policies, mentorship programmes, leadership development initiatives and equitable research funding mechanisms to foster inclusive academic environments and reduce gender disparities. The study highlights the need for higher education institutions to adopt transformative and systemic strategies that promote gender equity in research. Recommendations include implementing gender-responsive policies, targeted funding initiatives and well-structured mentorship programmes to eliminate the obstacles faced by female academics. This study recommends creating supportive environments that foster women's success in academia. It addresses knowledge gaps through research and thematic trends to inform future research and drive institutional change.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ntombikayise Nkosi, Mncedisi Christian Maphalala
Theorising the Voices of Senior Academics on Decolonising the University Curriculum in an Open Distance E-Learning Institution in South Africa
In 2015 and 2016, respectively, South Africans witnessed an unprecedented emergence of the #FeesMustFall and #RhodesMustFall national protests in the South African higher education, with students and progressive academics lamenting the slow pace of transformation in the sector. While there is a plethora of literature post the fallist movements focusing on students, Black academics and government responses to the protests, the voices of senior, tenured academics at an open distance e-Learning institution in South Africa remain under-researched, particularly on how they conceptually understand the calls for decolonising the university curricula. In this paper, we attempt to explore and theorise the voices of senior academics on decolonising the university curriculum at an open distance e-Learning institution in South Africa. Through a qualitative case study, we purposively recruited sixteen (16) senior academics at the main campus of the institution in Gauteng province in South Africa and elicited data through an online qualitative questionnaire administered in line with the institutional COVID 19 and post COVID 19 protocols. Nancy Fraser’s social justice framework was employed to frame data analysis. The findings revealed that senior academics understood the calls for decolonising curricula as responding to the two key challenges; 1) confronting the deeply rooted coloniality of the mind, and 2), the need to challenge the unequal, hierarchical power relations between academics and students. We conclude that when stakeholder minds are decolonised, third spaces are created in which they partake in reflexive conversations which promote parity of participation to accommodate African content and knowledges as equally relevant ways of knowing and doing.
Copyright (c) 2025 Julliet Munyaradzi , Mlamuli Nkosingphile Hlatshwayo